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4.7. Invoking the Shell

The command interpreter for the Bourne shell (sh) or the Korn shell (ksh) can be invoked as follows:

sh   [options]  [arguments]

ksh  [options]  [arguments]

ksh and sh can execute commands from a terminal, from a file (when the first argument is an executable script), or from standard input (if no arguments remain or if -s is specified). ksh and sh automatically print prompts if standard input is a terminal, or if -i is given on the command line.

Arguments
Arguments are assigned in order to the positional parameters $1, $2, etc. If array assignment is in effect (-A or +A), arguments are assigned as array elements. If the first argument is an executable script, commands are read from it, and the remaining arguments are assigned to $1, $2, etc.

Options
-c str
Read commands from string str.

-D
Print all $"..." strings in the program. ksh93 only.

-i
Create an interactive shell (prompt for input).

-I file
Create a cross-reference database for variable and command definitions and references. May not be compiled in. ksh93 only.

-p
Start up as a privileged user (Bourne shell: don't set the effective user and group IDs to those of the real user and group IDs. Korn shell: don't process $HOME/.profile).

-r
Create a restricted shell (same as rksh or rsh).

-s
Read commands from standard input; output from built-in commands goes to file descriptor 1; all other shell output goes to file descriptor 2.

The remaining options to sh and ksh are listed under the set built-in command.



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